What is an Oil Refinery?

An oil refinery is an industrial facility where crude oil (the raw oil extracted from the earth) is processed and converted into useful products like:

Petrol (Gasoline)

Diesel

Kerosene

LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas)

Jet fuel

Lubricating oil

Asphalt (used for roads)

Petrochemicals (used to make plastics, fertilizers, etc.)

How an Oil Refinery Works:

Distillation

Crude oil is heated and separated into different components based on boiling points.

Conversion

Heavy oils are "cracked" into lighter fuels like petrol and diesel.

Treating & Blending

Removes impurities (like sulfur) and blends various products to meet quality standards.

Importance of Oil Refineries:

Provide fuel for vehicles, airplanes, and industries.

Supply raw materials for many everyday products.

Support national energy security and economy. Famous Oil Refineries in India: Jamnagar Refinery (Reliance Industries) – The largest in the world. Indian Oil Corporation (IOC) refineries in places like Mathura, Panipat, and Barauni. Would you like a simple diagram or a Hindi explanation as well?